皇家收藏

　　英国王室的皇家收藏是世界上最大的私人艺术品收藏。藏品在英国的13座历史悠久的皇家住宅中散布，由伊丽莎白二世所有，并由皇家收藏信托基金会监督。女王拥有一些在王室权下的藏品，有些则作为私人拥有。它由超过一百万个对象组成，包括绘画，以及大约450，000张照片，以及挂毯，家具，陶瓷，纺织品，马车，武器，盔甲，珠宝，时钟，乐器，餐具，植物，手稿，书籍和雕塑。它几乎涵盖了美术和装饰艺术的几乎所有方面。
　　皇家收藏信托（RoyalCollectionTrust）是皇室的一个部门，负责皇室收藏的照顾，并管理皇后公寓的公开开放。由入学和相关商业活动产生的收入直接捐助给皇家收藏信托基金，这是一家注册慈善机构。信托基金的目标是保护和保护皇家收藏品，并通过展览，出版物，贷款和教育计划促进获取和享受。皇家收藏信托的工作是在没有任何公共资助的情况下进行的。
　　Nautiluscupc。1600NIKOLAUSSCHMIDT（C。1550551609）
　　鹦鹉螺杯c。1600尼古拉斯施密特（C。1550551609）
　　ThisspectacularKunstkammerobjectisoneofthefinestexamplesofantiquarianplateacquiredbyGeorgeIV。Onitsarrivalin1823，itjoinedagrowingcollectionofvirtuososideboardcupsofvaryingdatesandnationalities。
　　AlthoughonceconsideredtobetheworkofBenvenutoCellini，itbearsthemarkofNikolausSchmidt（master1582），aNuremberggoldsmithtrainedintheworkshopofWenzelJamnitzer（150885）。ThisisoneofSchmidtsmostcelebratedpieces，althoughotherimportantworksbyhimsurviveinthetreasuriesinViennaandDresden。Hisworkisnotableforitssuperbquality，finesculpturalelementsandfrequentincorporationofnaturalrarities。
　　Fromthesixteenthcentury，nautilusshellsfromthewesternPacificwerehighlyprizedbycollectorsandinconsequencetheywereoftenveryrichlymounted。Theouterlayerofthisshellhasbeenstrippedawaytorevealthenacreoussurfacebelowandtheheelhasbeenelaboratelycarved。ThemarineoriginsofthenautilusareechoedinthesupportingfiguresofNeptune，mermaidsandhippocamps（seahorses）。AnanonymousdrawinginNuremberg（GermanischesNationalMuseum）depictsthecupshortlyafteritwasmade。Aninscriptionontheback，dated1610，impliesthatthecupwasarecentgift，presentedtothewriterbyarelation，forhisnewhouse。IthasbeensuggestedthatthecupmayhavebelongedtothewealthyPellerfamily，whoseNuremberghouse，builtin1610，hadagabledecorated，likethiscup，withafigureofJupiter。
　　Nothingmoreisknownofthehistoryofthecupuntilitappearedinthecelebrated32daysaleatWansteadHouse，Essex，in1822。WansteadsheiressCatherineTylneyLong（d。1825）hadmarriedtheDukeofWellingtonsdisreputablenephewWilliamPoleWellesley（17881857）in1812。Withintenyearshisrecklessextravagancehadreducedtheestatetoruin；Wansteadsfabuloustreasuresweresoldandthehousedemolished。
　　RimofcoverstruckwithcitymarkofNurembergandmakersmarkofNikolausSchmidt；footstrucktwicewithmarkofNurembergandoncewithmakersmark。
　　CatalogueentryfromRoyalTreasures，AGoldenJubileeCelebration，London2002
　　PAULSTORR（17711844）
　　Candelabra（partoftheGrandService）181120
　　PAULSTORR（17711844）
　　Asilvergiltfivelightcandelabrumwithtwopairsoflotusandacanthusscrollbranches，onabalusterstemandfluteddrum，flankedbytwoseatedgriffinsandtwoathnienneswithspirallingserpentsaroundthebases；onashapedplinthwithroundedendsandshellfeet。TheundersideisengravedwiththeRoyalcoatofarmsinreverse。Thispairofcandelabrahaveundergoneanumberoftransformations。Itseemsthatthepairbeganlifein1811asasingleobjectdescribedintheinventoryofCarltonHouseasasuperbOrnamentpieceofPlatetoreceiveDishorBasketfortheSideboard，orCentreofTable，composedoffourGriffinswingedonarichlychasedBasewithLampinCentre。Thesinglepiecewasconvertedintoapairofcandelabrain1818。Thebaseplates，engravedwiththeroyalcoatofarmsinreverseanddesignedtobeseeninamirrorplateauonthediningtable，wereaddedin1820。
　　ATTRIBUTEDTONICHOLASSPRIMONT（171671）
　　TheNeptunecentrepiecehallmark17412
　　归于尼古拉斯斯普利蒙（171671）海王星核心标志17412
　　Thisobject，whichhasbeendescribedasthepurestrocococreationinEnglishsilver’，wasthecentrepieceofatableservicedisplayingthemostadvancedFrenchtasteoftheperiod。Themarinethemeofthepiece，withitsNeptunefinial，swagsofshellsandpiecesofcoralanddetachabledishesintheformofabaloneshells，suggestsitwasusedtoservefishsoupsandseafood。Theplateauonwhichthetureensits，similarlydecoratedwithshells，coralandsmallseacreatures，resemblesabeachfromwhichtheseahasretreated。Eventhedolphinswhichentwinethemselvesaroundthesupportsforthetureenrelatetothenauticaltheme，althoughthesemightalsobeawittyreferencetothePrinceofWales，patronofthepiece，astheEnglishdauphinordolphin’。
　　Frederick’shouseholdaccountsrecordlargequantitiesoffishconsumedbythePrince，includingturbot，sole，cod，salmon，trout，pike，carp，flounders，lobstersandshrimp。OysterswereoneofthePrince’sfavouritesandwereorderedbythebarrel，eithertobeeatenaloneorincorporatedintootherdishes。Traditionallytheitemsofplateusedtoservefishandsoupwereremovedfromthediningtableaftertheserviceofthefirstcourse。However，thiselaboratepieceislikelytohaveremainedthroughoutthemealthenozzlesmodelledasseafoamattachedtothecandlebranchesbeingremovedinlatercoursestobereplacedbycandlesforaddedilluminationduringthedessertcourse。
　　AlthoughithasnotbeenpossibletotracethebillforthecentrepieceineithertheDuchyofCornwallaccountbooksortheledgersofGeorgeWickes，goldsmithtothePrince，itwascertainlyintheRoyalCollectionby1801，whenitwasrecordedintheWarrantbooksundergoingrepair。Intheplateinventoriesof1832itappearsundertheheadingFrederick，PrinceofWales’togetherwithitsaccompanyingsauceboats，standsandsalts（RCIN51271。14and51393。12）。
　　Severaltheoriesastothecomplicatedhistoryofthecentrepiecehavebeenposited。TheobjectitselfbearstwocontrastinghallmarksonefromTurin，datingfromthe1720s，withthesponsor’smarkofAndreaBoucheron，theotherfromLondon，17412，withthesponsor’smarkoftheHuguenotgoldsmith，PaulCrespin，whoranpremisesinComptonStreetinSoho。ThetwomarksmakeitclearthattheworkisanamalgamareusingoftheTurinesesilverincorporatedintoalaterEnglishwork。ThismightexplainthemismatchedscaleoftheNeptunefiguretotheotherdecorativeelementsofthetureen。Basedonstylisticsimilaritieswithotherhallmarkedworksithaslongbeensuspected，moreover，thatathirdhandwasinvolvedinthedesignandcreationofthispiecethatoftheLigeoisgoldsmithandfounderoftheChelseaporcelainfactory，NicholasSprimont。SprimontappearstohavearrivedinLondonsometimein1742anddidnotenteranofficialmarkatGoldsmiths’Halluntil1743。Hewouldnot，therefore，havebeenabletosponsorthecentrepiece，althoughhismarkcertainlyappearsontheotherpartsoftheservicetowhichitbelongs（RCIN51271。14and51393。12）。Itispossiblethatthetwogoldsmithscollaboratedonthecentrepiece，asfellowHuguenots，onesimplysponsoringtheworkoftheother，ordividingtheworkbetweenthem，orperhapsSprimontworkingforhisneighbourCrespinwhileanticipatinghisEnglishhallmark。
　　ItispossiblethatCharlesCalvert，LordBaltimore，wasinvolvedinthecommissionofthecentrepieceanditsaccompanyingwares。Baltimore’stastefortherococowasmoredramaticthanFrederick’stheinteriorsofhisSurreyresidence，WoodcotePark，displayedsomeofthemostadvancedFrenchrococotasteoftheday。BaltimorealsoworkedonotherartisticcommissionsforthePrince，supervisingthecreationofthePrince’sbargein1732，forexample，andhisaccountsrevealthatheacquiredworksfrombothCrespinandSprimontin17434。In1742，BaltimorewaspromotedtoaLordshipoftheAdmiraltyanditispossiblethatthemarineservicewasagratefulgifttothePrinceinreturn。
　　TextadaptedfromTheFirstGeorgians：ArtandMonarchy17141760，London，2014
　　PAULSTORR（17711844）
　　Dessertstand（partoftheGrandService）hallmarks181318
　　Asetoffoursilvergiltdessertstands，eachcomprisingapierceddishwithpalmetteborder，supportedinapineappleleafbracketabovesixscrollbrancheswithvineleafdishes。Thestemiscastintheformofanamphora，flatchasedwithangelsandscrollingfoliage，onaspirallyfluteddrum，surroundedbycastfiguresofBacchusandtwodancingmaenads。Onacircularbasewithscrollfeetandacanthusleaves。
　　ThesestandsweredescribedintheRundellsinvoiceof1811as4verysuperbandelegantOrnamentsfortheDesertconsistingofGroupsoffigurestoreceivePineapples，althoughatthatdatetheywerenotcompleted。ThevariouselementswereprobablyassembledoverthenextfewyearstheywerefinallydeliveredtoCarltonHousein1817，withthebranchesarrivingtwoyearslater。ItislikelythatthefiguresweredesignedbyFlaxman。Thefinalbillforthedessertstandshasnotbeentracedbutlaterinventoriesstatethattheycost153811s8d。
　　TheGrandServiceisthemagnificentdiningserviceofsilvergiltcommissionedbyGeorgeIV，whenPrinceofWales，fromtheRoyalGoldsmithsRundell，Bridgeamp；amp；Rundell。Theinitialcommissionwasmadein1806andthefirstdeliverytookplacein1811。ThroughouttheRegency（181120）andduringGeorgeIVsreign（182030）hecontinuedtoaddtotheservicewithbothdiningplateandpiecesfordisplayonthebuffet。
　　Asawhole，theGrandServicecomprisessome4，000piecesandcoversavastrangeofobjectsandstyles。Theinitialdeliveryincludedworksinbothwhitesilverandsilvergilt，butgraduallytheservicewasgildedthroughout。Thismayhavebeenaresponsetopubliccommentsthatthesilverplateseemedpoorandcoldbycomparisonwiththegildedplate，butitwasalsoindirectrivalrytothegildedcollectionsofNapoleonI。Moreover，bygildingtheentireservice，itwasprovidedwithahomogeneityofappearanceotherwiselackinginitsvarietyofstyles。
　　TheServiceissolargeandsomagnificentthatithasneverbeenreplaced。Itremainsinusebythemonarchytothisday，andisplacedonthetableforStateBanquetsatWindsorCastleandBuckinghamPalaceandforotherceremonialevents。
　　Ramp；amp；SGARRARDTheAlhambratablefountain185253
　　RS加拉德阿罕布拉桌上喷泉185253
　　Asilver，parcelgiltandenameltablefountainintheformofadomedMoorishtempleshelteringafountain，withthreeArabhorsesledbytwoMoors；onarockworkhummockcoveredinvegetationandsmallpalmtrees，andwithfiguresofdogs，birdsandsmalllizards。Thecisternofthefountainiscontainedinthedomeofthetemple，andthewaterdrainsintoaseriesofpools，inthebase。Thewaterflow，whichworkspurelybypressure，isregulatedbyturningthenozzleofthefountain。
　　ThistablefountainwascommissionedbyQueenVictoriaandPrinceAlbertin1851andshownatthe1853Dublinexhibitionandagainin1855inParis，touniversalpraise。TheideaforthepieceappearstohavecomejointlyfromQueenVictoriaandPrinceAlbertinJanuary1851，astheQueenrecordsherfirstmeetingwithEdmundCotterillinherJournalatthatdate。Thearchitecturalstructureofthecentrepiece，modelledbyEdwardLorenzoPercy，isinspiredbytheAlhambraPalaceinGranada，Spainwithitsdistinctivehoneycombplasterwork。ThehorsesweremodelledbyCotterillfromthreeofQueenVictoriasArabs，whichhadbeensenttoherasgiftsinthe1840s。TheexoticplantsaroundthebasewerecloselymodelledbyWilliamSpenceronbotanicalspecimensatKewGardens。
　　ThecentrepiecewasusedthroughoutthereignofQueenVictoria，andmaybeseenonthetableinawatercolourofthedinnerheldtocelebrateherGoldenJubileeinJune1887。AccordingtooneofHerMajestysservantswhopublisedabookaboutlifeatWindsorCastlein1897，thefountainwasfilledwitheaudecologneratherthanwater。
　　TextadaptedfromVictoriaamp；amp；Albert：Artamp；amp；Love。
　　在哪里可以看到皇家收藏？
　　藏品收藏在英国的15处王室住所和旧住所中。其中包括温莎城堡（WindsorCastle），白金汉宫（BuckinghamPalace），霍利路德宫（thePalaceofHolyroodhouse），汉普顿宫（HamptonCourt），伦敦塔（theTowerofLondon），奥斯本楼（OsborneHouse）和布赖顿皇家亭子（theRoyalPavilion，Brighton）。公众可以在最初受委托的历史环境中观看艺术品。
　　英国皇家收藏金银大部分是在1660年君主立宪制恢复之后的。早期收藏的在南北战争和统治时期被融化掉了。最早的一件事12世纪的一把银勺，收藏的银器种类十分丰富，上面我只是为了烘托皇家气氛有选择的展示银镀金有代表性作品。大部分收藏品都具有非常实用的目的，最为壮观的莫过于威尔士亲王弗雷德里克（Frederick）收藏的尼古拉斯斯普里蒙特（NicholasSprimont）和保罗克雷斯潘（PaulCrespin）壮观的海洋题材服务器皿，这是洛可可艺术表现的缩影。乔治三世收藏了托马斯海明（ThomasHeming）的作品，乔治四世购买了盛大的教会题材作品，其中包括保罗斯托尔和本杰明史密斯的作品，这些作品来自弗拉克斯曼和斯托达德的设计。乔治四世还购买了许多16世纪和17世纪的欧式立式杯子供展示而不是使用。有些是镀金的，有些是用奇特的天然材料制成的，包括鸵鸟蛋，鹦鹉螺的贝壳和装在镀金的象牙。阿尔伯特亲王（PrinceAlbert）将银饰委托给他自己的设计，其中包括摆放着维多利亚女王最爱的狗模型的核心件。
　　GeorgeIIIRoyalDinnerService
　　乔治三世晚餐银器
　　Thankyouverymuchforwatching。
　　非常感谢您的收看。
　　华登（walden）